How to Install Windows 10 from UEFI Secure Boot using a Bootable USB (2020 and newer version)

Since version 1903 of Windows 10, the ISO images available on MSDN contain install.wim image which is larger than 4GiB file size limit of FAT32 partition. Secure boot does not boot from NTFS-formatted USB sticks, which leads to a problem where its not possible to install Windows in UEFI/secure boot mode.

The solution to this problem is to create 2 partitions, FAT32 for hosting just the boot files, and a larger NTFS for hosting the rest of installer image.

Step by step instructions

Step 1: Create and format partitions

Right click Windows logo, click Command Prompt (Admin).
Enter diskpart.exe, press Enter. The following commands all occur at the "DISKPART>" prompt. After listing disks, make a note of the disk number which matches inserted USB stick (based on size/etc). Use that number in "select disk" command below.

list disk

select disk 1 

(Where 1 is the disk number for USB stick. Usual warnings about not being an idiot apply.)

clean

create partition primary size=1024

select partition 1

active

format quick fs=fat32

assign

create partition primary

select partition 2

format quick fs=ntfs

assign

exit

Remain in the admin command prompt for the following step.

Step 2: Copy boot and installer files

Double click on the ISO file of Windows 10, version 2004 (or newer) to create a virtual drive. Note the drive letter this creates. Enter the following commands, replacing drive letters as required.

xcopy f:\sources\boot.wim d:\sources\ /s /e 
where
f: the virtual drive and 
d: the USB fat32 partition.
We copy only the f:\sources\boot.wim file to d:\sources\.

robocopy f:\ d:\ /IS /S /XD sources 

where 
f: the virtual drive and 
d: the USB fat32 partition.
We copy everything from f:\ to d:\ except the sources folder.

xcopy f:* e:\ /s /e 

where 
f: the virtual drive and 
e: the USB NTFS partition.

Final notes

That's it! Close command prompt, eject USB, and reboot (or take the stick to whatever machine you will be installing).